Cervicofacial infections at the Dr. Carlos Cisternas Hospital in Calama, Chile. A retrospective study
Abstract
Introduction: Cervicofacial infections can invade superficial and deep anatomical planes of the head and neck. Their origin is multifactorial, and despite having a slow onset, they can lead to a sudden invasion of surrounding tissues, increasing morbidity and mortality. An effective diagnosis will impact the timely management of a maxillofacial infection.
Material and Methods: A review of 173 surgical protocols from Dr. Carlos Cisternas Hospital in Calama, Chile, on maxillofacial infections was conducted by two previously calibrated evaluators. Over a period from May 2018 to December 2023, variables such as year, gender, age, surgical procedure, type of approach, type of infection, origin, use of drainage, first surgery, or reoperation were analyzed.
Results: The most common cervicofacial infections in this study were deep cervical abscesses, submandibular abscesses, and multicompartmental head abscesses. Males were slightly more predominant; transfacial/cervicotomy approaches were the most used, and most infections had a nonspecific oropharyngeal origin.
Conclusions: Cervicofacial infections have a slow onset but can rapidly spread when the patient's systemic condition is compromised. The most prevalent were deep cervical abscesses, submandibular abscesses, and multicompartmental head abscesses, with a slightly higher prevalence in males. Treatment with empirical antibiotic therapy, combined with thorough surgical cleansing, had a positive effect on the management of cervicofacial infections.
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