Severity of malocclusions and its relationship with Quality of Life in children according to socioeconomic level in the La Araucanía Region, Chile
Abstract
Introduction: The Malocclusion-Associated Quality of Life (MAQOL) evaluates the impact of malocclusions on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life. The relationship between MAQOL and the severity of malocclusions and socioeconomic status is not clear and has not been studied in Chile. The aim of this research was to determine the level of MAQOL in children aged 10 to 16 years and to determine if there are differences according to the severity of malocclusion and the Community Development Index (CDI).
Material and Methods: A cross-sectional and inferential study was carried out with stratified probabilistic sampling with proportional allocation. 306 subjects were randomly selected from schools in the La Araucanía Region. The Dental Aesthetic Index and the Malocclusion Impact Questionnaire were applied. Descriptive analysis and non-parametric Chi-Square test were performed to determine associations. p<0.05 was chosen as the threshold for significance.
Results: The frequency of malocclusions was 45.8% minor malocclusion, 23.1% defined malo-cclusion, 17% severe malocclusion, and 14.1% very severe malocclusion. The MAQOL was poor (34%). Children with minor malocclusion presented a median MAQOL (33.6%), while those with defined, severe, and very severe malocclusion presented a poor MAQOL (36.6%, 46.2%, and 41.9% respectively), there was no relationship between CDI and MAQOL. The differences between cities of different IDC were not statistically significant.
Conclusions: The severity of malocclusion, by itself, is not capable of significantly interfering with MAQOL, nor is the socioeconomic environment, suggesting that the impact on MAQOL is influenced by psychological parameters of each individual.
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