Factores de riesgo y periimplantitis en la terapia implantológica. Revisión narrativa.

Francis Bravo; Yuri Castro; Sixto Grados

doi:10.17126/joralres.2013.031

Francis Bravo Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Yuri Castro Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Sixto Grados Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17126/joralres.2013.031

Abstract

Resumen: Las enfermedades que involucran a los tejidos que rodean a los dientes y a los implantes osteointegrados son el resultado de una interacción entre algún tipo de agente patológico (bacteriano, viral, etc.) y la respuesta inmunitaria del huésped. Estas interacciones se pueden dar tanto en los tejidos dentarios como en aquellos biomateriales que se introducen para tratar de corregir algún tipo de patología periodontal; los implantes al ser un sustituto biocompatibles de las piezas dentarias no está exenta de este tipo de interacciones que muchas veces cursan con patología periodontales y periimplantarias. La periimplantitis es un tipo de patología que resulta de dicha interacción; los factores de riesgo e indicadores de riesgo de la periimplantitis son amplios y complejos. El presente artículo resume las múltiples fuentes de información de la literatura científica para abordar al detalle los aspectos de los principales factores de riesgo y la periimplantitis en la terapia implantológica.

Palabras clave: Implantes dentales, mucosa periimplantaria, periodontitis crónica, factores de riesgo.

Abstract: Diseases involving tissue around the teeth and osseointegrated implants are the result of an interaction between some type of pathological agent (bacterial, viral, etc.) and host immune response. These interactions can occur both in the dental tissues as those biomaterials which are introduced to attempt to correct some type of periodontal disease, the implant being a biocompatible substitute of the teeth is not free from this type of interaction often enrolled periodontal and peri-implant pathology. The peri-implantitis is a type of disease that results from this interaction, the risk factors and risk indicators of peri-implantitis are broad and complex. This article summarizes the multiple sources of information in the scientific literature to address in detail the aspects of the main risk factors and the peri-implantitis in the peri implant therapy.

Keywords: Dental implants, peri-implant mucosa, chronic periodontitis, risk factors.

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